205 Kohler generator fault/alarm codes with symptom, cause and remedy — compiled from Kohler service and controller documentation.
| Code | Meaning / symptom | Cause | Remedy |
|---|---|---|---|
| 000 | The 'AUT' pictogram is flashing, and the generating set stops unexpectedly. | Pressing the 'STOP' button will stop the generating set immediately in general fault mode. The general fault LED will light up flashing and the following message will appear: 000 010 represents a fault code. Refer to the list of fault codes in Section 4.4. | |
| 0031 | Oxygen Sensor Heater Circuit High Voltage | ||
| 0032 | Oxygen Sensor Heater Circuit Low Voltage | ||
| 010 | The generating set stops immediately when pressing the emergency stop button. | Acknowledge (reset) the fault by moving the key switch to OFF, waiting for the 'ON' LED to go out completely and then moving the key switch to ON. | |
| 0107 | Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Circuit Low Voltage or Open | ||
| 0108 | Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Circuit High Voltage | ||
| 0112 | Intake Air Temperature Sensor Circuit Low Voltage | ||
| 0113 | Intake Air Temperature Sensor Circuit High Voltage or Open | ||
| 0117 | Coolant/Oil Temperature Sensor Circuit Low Voltage | ||
| 0118 | Coolant/Oil Temperature Sensor Circuit High Voltage or Open | ||
| 0122 | Throttle Position Sensor Circuit Low Voltage or Open | ||
| 0123 | Throttle Position Sensor Circuit High Voltage | ||
| 0131 | Oxygen Sensor 1 Circuit Low Voltage | ||
| 0132 | Oxygen Sensor 1 Circuit High Voltage | ||
| 0171 | Maximum Adaptation Limit Exceeded | ||
| 0172 | Minimum Adaptation Limit Exceeded | ||
| 0174 | Lean Fuel Condition at High Load (Open Loop) | Procédure d'apprentissage du TPS incorrecte | |
| 0201 | Injector 1 Circuit Malfunction | ||
| 0202 | Injector 2 Circuit Malfunction | ||
| 0230 | Fuel Pump Module Circuit Low Voltage or Open | ||
| 0232 | Pompe à carburant - Circuit haute tension | ||
| 0336 | Capteur de position du vilebrequin - Signal bruyant du capteur de position du vilebrequin | ||
| 0337 | Capteur de position du vilebrequin - Aucun signal du capteur de position du vilebrequin | ||
| 0351 | Bobine d'allumage - Défaillance de la bobine d'allumage, cylindre 1 | ||
| 0352 | Bobine d'allumage - Défaillance de la bobine d'allumage, cylindre 2 | ||
| 0562 | Tension du système - Basse tension du système | ||
| 0563 | Tension du système - Haute tension du système | ||
| 057-243 | ISSUE: 6 | ||
| 0650 | Témoin d'anomalie du circuit - Témoin d'anomalie du circuit | ||
| 1 | PARADA DE EMERGENCIA* | Adjust the low idle speed screw, then adjust the low idle fuel needle. | |
| 1--23 | Local display shows chgr1/2 val 1--23 error. | ||
| 10 | PREAL., ALTA TEMP. MOTOR* | ||
| 1001 | Low Water Emergency | ||
| 1002 | Auxiliary Fault | ||
| 1003 | Pre-Alarm High Engine Temperature | ||
| 11 | PREAL., BAJA PRES. ACEITE* | ||
| 12 | BAJA TEMP. AGUA* | ||
| 12VDC + | 12VDC + | ||
| 13 | BAJO VOLTAJE BAT.* | ||
| 14 | FALLA CARG. BAT.* | ||
| 15 | COMBUST. BAJO* | ||
| 16 | FALLA COMUN | ||
| 1693 | Sortie tach (microprocesseur) - Circuit tach bas | Câble tach défectueux (à la terre). Court-circuit à la masse du circuit GCU. | |
| 1694 | Sortie tach (microprocesseur) - Circuit tach haut | Erreur du circuit du microprocesseur ou GCU. | |
| 2 | AUXILIAR* | Readjust main fuel screw | |
| 26 | AUXILIARY - AUX. | ||
| 3 | SOBREARRANQUE* | Turn main fuel adjustment 1/4 turn counterclockwise | |
| 32 | High Coolant Temperature | Relacionado con el haz de cables del motor: Conectores o cableado del circuito de patillas. Patilla 20. Relacionado con el sensor de oxígeno: Problema con el cableado o el conector del sensor. Sensor contaminado o dañado. Sensor por debajo de la temperatura mínima de funcionamiento (375 °C/709 °F). Ruta de conexión a masa del sensor al motor deficiente (el sensor se conecta a masa a través del revestimiento, ver la sección Sensor de oxígeno). | |
| 32A | Emergency Stop | Reset the emergency stop switch. | |
| 35 | LOW WATER TEMP | ||
| 36 | HIGH ENG. TEMP | ||
| 38 | SPEED PREAL | ||
| 39 | OVERSPEED - OS. | ||
| 4 | SOBREVELOCIDAD* | Readjust speed then idle fuel screw if needed | |
| 40 | Pre High Coolant Temp. | ||
| 41 | Pre Low Oil Pressure | Check and adjust oil level or replace oil pump. | |
| 48 | Emergency Stop | ||
| 5 | BAJA PRES. ACEITE* | ||
| 503 | Engine Over Speed | Reduce engine load or check for mechanical issues. | |
| 56 | AIR DAMPER - A.D. | ||
| 6 | ALTA TEMP. MOTOR* | ||
| 60 | SYSTEM READY | ||
| 601 | Generator Over Temperature | Cool down generator and monitor temperature. | |
| 61 | FALLA DEL CARGADOR DE BATERIA | ||
| 62 | Low Battery Volts | ||
| 6269016 | Anomaly Code | ||
| 63 | Low Fuel | Refuel the generator set. | |
| 7 | SISTEMA LISTO* | ||
| 72 | Overspeed | ||
| 794 | High Temperature Sensor Activation | Replace thermostat if function is questionable or defective | |
| 80 | SW. NOT IN "AUTO" | ||
| 812VCC+ | REGISTRO TIRO DE AIRE* | ||
| 9 | NO ESTA EN AUTOM.* | ||
| 90 | High Temperature Sensor Activation | Replace thermostat if function is questionable or defective | |
| A | Accidental Starts! | Before servicing the engine or equipment, always disconnect the spark plug lead to prevent the engine from starting accidentally. Ground the lead to prevent sparks that could cause fires. | |
| AF | Input from a customer-supplied switch that closes when the fault is active. The generator set shuts down and will not start when the fault is active (input is grounded). | Not used on RES models. | Check the cause of the auxiliary fault. |
| AUTO | AUTO | ||
| Acc. 23-D | Acc. 23-D timer contact does not open during the set exercise period | ||
| Acc. 26-D | Area Protection Control initiates closing of the engine starting contact | ||
| Auxiliary fault | Auxiliary fault | ||
| B | Electrical Shock! | Never touch electrical wires or components while the engine is running. They can be sources of electrical shock. | |
| Battery Low Warnings | Low battery voltage warnings are displayed on the controller display. | Check the battery connections and ensure they are secure. Replace the battery if it is low on charge. | |
| BusDeadLive | The bus is measured to be dead when one of the generators is supposed to be supplying voltage to the bus (closed contactor). | Bus metering V9A and V9B connections to V9 of paralleling protection harness are connected incorrectly. | |
| BusLiveDead | The bus is measured to be live when no generators are connected to it (both contactors open). | Bus metering V9A and V9B connections to V9 of paralleling protection harness are connected incorrectly. | |
| C | Lethal Exhaust Gases! | Avoid inhaling exhaust fumes, and never run the engine in a closed building or confined area. | |
| CfgModelNum | The two generators that are intended to be paralleled have incompatible model numbers. | Incorrect configuration of one of the generators. Different generator types. The paralleled generator sets must be the same kW model. (i.e. two 14 kW or two 20 kWor 26 kW models). | |
| CfgSysVolt | The system voltage of the two generators intended to be paralleled is not the same. | One of the two generators is incorrectly configured. Intermittent connections on RBUS network wiring. | |
| ConCheckFail | Failure to Auto-Discover APM connections. | Wires 9A and 9B crossed between the generators. Wires 9A or 9B not connected. | |
| ConNotDeterm | APM connection auto-discovery is not complete. This means that the generator does not know which contactor is connected to it. | Generators not yet started in RUN with other generator in OFF. See the APM instruction sheet for instructions to perform the auto-discovery procedure. | |
| ContactorOk | Successful auto-discovery of APM connections. | Auto-discovery was activated by placing other generator in OFF and this generator in RUN. | |
| CoolntTemp 0 | Coolant temperature is extremely high. | Check coolant level. Check radiator and fans for obstruction. Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service and provide the fault code. | |
| CoolntTemp 3 | The ECM reported a problem with the coolant temperature sensor reading: 3 = high voltage. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service and provide the fault code. | |
| CoolntTemp 4 | The ECM reported a problem with the coolant temperature sensor reading: 4 = low voltage. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service and provide the fault code. | |
| CoolntTemp 5 | The ECM reported a problem with the coolant temperature sensor reading: 5 = open circuit. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service and provide the fault code. | |
| Crank Lost | Crankshaft Position Sensor (CPS) timeout error occurred. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service and provide the fault code. | |
| Current A High Warning | Over Current Paralleled | Press AUTO or OFF * | |
| DCB1 | Relé de falla común DCB1 | Llene el sistema de enfriamiento antes de encender el calentador de bloque. Ponga en marcha el motor hasta que este se caliente y llene el radiador para purgar el aire del sistema antes de energizar el calentador de bloque. | |
| DCB2 | Relé de falla común DCB2 | ||
| ED0053030050 | Warning YELLOW light turn on | Engine ECU has detect a malfunctions | Contact KOHLER authorised workshops |
| ESE | Engine Stop Event | ||
| Emerg Stop | The emergency stop switch has been activated, or there has been an open circuit in the wiring. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service. | |
| Eng Speed High | Engine speed exceeds 115% of the normal running speed for more than 0.3 seconds. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service. | |
| Eng Speed Low | Engine speed drops below 85% of the normal running speed for more than 3 seconds. | Reduce the load by turning off appliances. Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service. | |
| ErraticSig | The power metering on this controller gives a signal that is not consistent with the system configuration. Reversing the power direction does not resolve the problem. | Bad wiring to the CT. Too much tension on wires from the CT to the controller. | |
| Exer Not Sch | Exercise Not Scheduled. No exercise has been scheduled on the RDC2 controller. | See Section 2.5 for instructions to set the exerciser. | |
| F01 | Error code F01 | Corrective action not stated | |
| F02 | Low Oil Pressure | Check oil level and condition. Replace oil if necessary. | |
| F1 | Generator will not start when power fails or with test switch depressed. | Check generator. YES Jumper main logic board terminals 57 and 58. Does generator start? NO Check wiring harness to contactor. YES Jumper main logic board terminals 57 and 59. Does generator start? NO Is jumper installed between 58 and 59? YES NO Remove TDES and wait 30 seconds. Is there continuity between terminals 1 and 7 on the TDES relay? | |
| F13 | High Coolant Temperature | Reduce load or allow engine to cool down. Check coolant level and condition. | |
| F14 | Low Coolant Level | Add coolant to proper level. | |
| Faults Related to Paralleling | Paralleling issues occur, such as incorrect synchronization or failure to maintain parallel operation. | Verify that all paralleling settings are correct in the controller parameters. Check the paralleling cables and connections for any faults. | |
| Frequency High | Governed frequency exceeds 110% of the system’s frequency setpoint for more than 10 seconds. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service. | |
| Frequency High Warning | Over Frequency Paralleled | Press AUTO or OFF * | |
| Frequency Low | Governed frequency falls below 90% of the system frequency setting for more than 10 seconds, or 1 Hz below the system frequency setting for more than 60 seconds. | Reduce the load by turning off appliances and restart the generator set. Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service. | |
| Frequency Low Warning | Under Frequency Paralleled | Press AUTO or OFF * | |
| HB | Fault code is displayed if the engine starting battery voltage rises above 16 VDC for a 12 VDC system or above 30 VDC for a 24 VDC system for more than 10 seconds when the engine is not running. This fault condition does not inhibit engine starting. | Fault code is displayed if the engine starting battery voltage rises above 16 VDC for more than 30 seconds when the engine is running. Not operative during the engine crank cycle, this fault condition does not inhibit engine starting. | Check the battery rating and condition. Check the battery charger operation. |
| HE | Shutdown occurs if the engine coolant temperature exceeds the maximum temperature for more than 5 seconds. This protective becomes active after the engine reaches the crank disconnect speed. | Shutdown occurs if the engine coolant temperature exceeds the maximum temperature for more than 5 seconds. This function becomes active after the engine reaches the crank disconnect speed. | Check for blocked air inlets and exhaust outlets. |
| HEST | High Exhaust System Temperature | ||
| HET | High Engine Temperature (HET) Shutdown | Normally open K1 contacts (F) close and fault lamp lights. Normally—closed K1 contacts (G) open to de-energize engine components. Generator shuts down. | |
| High battery voltage | High battery voltage | ||
| High engine temperature | Engine runtime, hours | ||
| IAT High 1 | Engine manifold air temperature is too high. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service and provide the fault code. | |
| IAT Volt Lo | The ECM reported an Engine Air Temperature/Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (TMAP) error. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service and provide the fault code. | |
| K1 relay LED | Engine Run Relay | ||
| K2 relay LED | Engine Crank Relay | ||
| K3 relay LED | AC Crank Disconnect Relay | ||
| K4 relay LED | Fault Shutdown Relay | ||
| K5 relay LED | Time Delay Control (Start/Run) | ||
| KA-01-B | Time Delay on Transfer from Normal to Emergency | ||
| KA-02-A | Time Delay on Engine Starting | ||
| L.F. | Low Fuel | ||
| LB | Fault code is displayed if the engine starting battery voltage falls below 8 VDC for a 12 VDC system or below 16 VDC for a 24 VDC system for more than 10 seconds when the engine is not running. This fault condition does not inhibit engine starting. | Check the battery rating and condition. Check the battery charger operation. | Charge or replace the battery. |
| LOP | Shutdown occurs if a low oil pressure condition exists 7 seconds after the engine has reached crank disconnect speed. | Note: The low oil pressure shutdown does not protect against low oil level. Check the oil level at the engine. Check for leaks in the lubrication system. | Check the oil level and add oil if the level is low. |
| LOWT | Low Water Temperature | ||
| LWL | Low Water Level (LWL) Shutdown | Normally open K1 contacts (F) close and fault lamp lights. Normally—closed K1 contacts (G) open to de-energize engine components. Generator shuts down. | |
| Lo Crank Vlt | Low cranking voltage. Battery voltage falls below 60% of system battery voltage for more than 6 seconds while the starter is engaged. | Charge or replace the battery. | |
| Locked Rotor | No engine rotation is sensed during cranking. Shuts down 3 seconds after the fault is detected. | Check the battery. Check for loose connections. Check for obstruction of alternator or engine. Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service. | |
| Locked rotor | The generator set also shuts down on OC if no engine rotation is sensed during cranking. Shuts down 3 seconds after the fault is detected. | ||
| Loss of coolant | Seawater pump impeller failure shutdown | ||
| LossOfComAPM | The Automatic Paralleling Module has stopped communicating on RBUS. (An APM was detected on the RBUS network but is no longer communicating). | APM is unplugged. Primary controller is powered down. Check the battery connections. See previous page for more information. Intermittent connections on RBUS network wiring. | |
| LossOfComm2 | The primary controller has lost communication with the secondary controller. (A secondary controller was detected, then communication was lost.) | RBUS disconnected, secondary controller battery disconnected, updating firmware in secondary controller, or intermittent RBUS connections. | |
| LossOfField | This generator has absorbed more than 25% reactive power (magnetic excitation current) for 20 seconds. | Generator voltage on this generator is not calibrated correctly. Generator voltage on other generator is not calibrated correctly. Bus voltage on this generator is not calibrated correctly. Bus voltage on the other generator is not calibrated correctly. | |
| Low battery voltage | Crank cycle status | ||
| Low oil pressure | Low oil pressure shutdown | ||
| M3.212 | APM INTERNAL power BATTERY WARNING | ||
| Main Power Overload Shutdown | The generator shuts down due to a main power overload. | Check the circuit breaker and ensure it is not tripped. If necessary, replace the circuit breaker. | |
| MainPwrOverL | Main power overload. An over current fault on the 70 controller power output (short circuit). | Check for shorted run relay. Check wiring for short circuits. Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service. | |
| Maint Req’d | Engine maintenance is due. | Check the maintenance schedule in the operation manual for tasks such as changing the oil, spark plugs or the air filter. | |
| MeterUnknown | This generator does not know if the metering is connected or the orientation of the connection. This means that the generators can’t share load accurately until this information is known. | System commissioning and startup not yet complete. See the APM instructions. | |
| MeteringOk | The generator has verified that the metering is connected correctly and that the direction is consistent with expected power direction. | Status message indicates that the CT is connected to the generator correctly. | |
| NoCurrent | The generator has applied load (using the other generator) and has observed no current on the power sensing inputs. | The CT is not connected to the controller. The output leads from the generator do not go through the CT in the correct direction. See the APM instructions. | |
| Not in Auto | The generator set is not in Automatic (standby) mode. Remote start and stop commands from a transfer switch or remote switch will be ignored. | Press AUTO to place the generator set in Automatic mode, when appropriate. | |
| OC | Shutdown occurs after 3 unsuccessful starting attempts. The crank cycle is set for three starting attempts of 15 seconds cranking and 15 seconds rest. The generator set also shuts down after 1 crank attempt if no speed signal is sensed. Shuts down 1 second after the fault is detected. | Check the fuel supply, spark plug, and battery. Check for loose connections. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service if problem continues. |
| OF | Shutdown occurs when the governed frequency exceeds 110% of the system’s frequency setpoint for more than 1 second. This protective becomes active 30 seconds after engine start. | Shutdown occurs when the governed frequency exceeds 110% of the system’s frequency setpoint for more than 5 seconds. This function becomes active 10 seconds after engine start (10 second inhibit). | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service if problem continues. |
| OS | Shutdown occurs if the engine speed exceeds 115% of the normal running speed for more than 1 second. | Shutdown occurs if the engine speed exceeds 110% of the normal running speed for more than 0.3 seconds. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service if problem continues. |
| OU | Shutdown occurs if the voltage exceeds 120% of the voltage regulator setpoint for more than 1 second. | Shutdown occurs if the voltage exceeds 120% of the system nominal voltage for more than 2 seconds. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service if problem continues. |
| Oil Pres Low | The engine ECM indicates low oil pressure. | Note: The low oil pressure shutdown does not protect against low oil level. Check the engine oil level regularly as recommended in Section 4. Check for leaks in the lubrication system. Check the oil level and add oil if the level is low. Check the oil pressure switch and wiring. | |
| Over Crank | Three unsuccessful starting attempts. | Check the fuel supply, spark plug, and battery. Check for loose connections. Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service. | |
| Over/under frequency | Over/under frequency | ||
| Over/under voltage | Over/under voltage | ||
| Overcrank | Remote two-wire start/stop capability | ||
| Overcrank safety | Overspeed | ||
| Overfrequency | Digital voltage regulation: ±1.5% RMS no-load to full-load | ||
| Overspeed | Automatic start for programmed cranking cycle | ||
| P0107 | TMAP circuit malfunction | Check continuity of wiring and connections, replace faulty components if necessary | |
| P0108 | TMAP circuit malfunction | Check continuity of wiring and connections, replace faulty components if necessary | |
| P0122 | Low voltage condition on TPS circuit | ||
| P0123 | High voltage condition on TPS circuit | ||
| P26 | Fuel Pump/Valve | ||
| P3-4 | SDR Relay | ||
| PrimLoopOpn | Ignition coil 1 voltage is below normal or there is an open circuit. | Check the battery voltage. Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service and provide the fault code. | |
| PrimLoopSht | Ignition coil 1 voltage is abno | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service and provide the fault code. | |
| R | Water Temperature Indicator | ||
| RUN | RUN | ||
| Reactive Power Low Warning | Loss of Field Paralleled | Press AUTO or OFF * | |
| Real Power High Warning | Over Power Paralleled | Press AUTO or OFF * | |
| Real Power Low Warning | Reverse Power Paralleled | Press AUTO or OFF * | |
| SDR | Overspeed Shutdown | Deenergize engine components | |
| SL001 | Check coolant level | ||
| SL003 | Check the ventilation holes on the water pump | ||
| SL004 | Check/drain water trap on the primary fuel filter | ||
| SL100 | Take oil sample and perform oil analysis | ||
| SL105 | Replace main fuel filter | ||
| SL106 | Replace the primary fuel filter | ||
| SL107 | Replace the oil separator filter insert of the crankcase breather | ||
| SL108 | Change air filter main element | ||
| SL109 | Check and change the V-ribbed belt for the battery charging alternator | ||
| SL118 | Check state of fan drive belt drive and replace if necessary | ||
| SL120 | Take coolant sample and perform coolant analysis | ||
| SL121 | Replace diesel engine oil and oil filter | ||
| SQ | Choke Will Not Fully Open | 1. Adjust choke. 2. Repair with kit or replace choke. | |
| Seawater pump impeller failure | Seawater pump impeller failure shutdown | ||
| SyncFailure | The generator has been attempting to synchronize for over 2 minutes without success. | Generator is hunting. Advanced speed control settings need adjustment. Load is changing frequently to disturb the online generator. | |
| TP-5393 | Will not crank | Weak or dead battery, 15-amp controller fuse blown, Defective start switch, Remote start cable disconnected, Defective starter solenoid, Battery connections made in reverse | Recharge or replace, Replace fuse, Replace, Reconnect, Replace, Correct |
| TP-6905 4/16 | Generator set serial number is unavailable. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service. See section 3.11. | |
| TP-7092 | Engine starting battery is dead | Check and clean the battery, terminals, cables. If necessary, recharge or replace the battery. | |
| Test | Test | ||
| UF | Shutdown occurs when the governed frequency falls 1 Hz below the system’s frequency setpoint for more than 1 second. | Shutdown occurs if the governed frequency falls below 54 Hz for more than 5 seconds. Shutdown also occurs if the governed frequency falls below 56.5 Hz for more than 60 seconds. This function becomes active 10 seconds after engine start. (10 second inhibit). | Reduce the load and restart the generator set. Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service if problem continues. |
| UU | Shutdown occurs if the voltage falls below 80% of the voltage regulator setpoint for more than 1 second. This protective becomes active 30 seconds after engine start. | Shutdown occurs if the voltage falls below 80% of the nominal system voltage for more than 10 seconds. | Reduce the load and restart the generator set. Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service if problem continues. |
| Underfrequency | Master control switch mounted on the junction box: Run/Off-Reset/Auto | ||
| Undervoltage | Upgradeable application software | ||
| Voltage L1-L2 High Warning | Over Voltage Paralleled | Press AUTO or OFF * | |
| Voltage L1-L2 Low Warning | Under Voltage Paralleled | Press AUTO or OFF * | |
| Volts L1-L2 | Generator voltage high. Output voltage exceeds 120% of the system nominal voltage for more than 2 seconds. | Contact an authorized distributor/dealer for service. | |
| null | Defective exhaust valve. |
Compiled from Kohler service manuals and controller documentation. Cause/remedy shown where extracted; always verify against the manual for your exact model.
The 'AUT' pictogram is flashing, and the generating set stops unexpectedly.. Remedy: Pressing the 'STOP' button will stop the generating set immediately in general fault mode. The general fault LED will light up flashing and the following message will appear: 000 010 represents a fault code. Refer to the list of fault codes in Section 4.4..
The generating set stops immediately when pressing the emergency stop button.. Remedy: Acknowledge (reset) the fault by moving the key switch to OFF, waiting for the 'ON' LED to go out completely and then moving the key switch to ON..
Lean Fuel Condition at High Load (Open Loop). Remedy: Procédure d'apprentissage du TPS incorrecte.