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Cummins/Onan VT-1710 Generator Set

Cummins/Onan VT-1710 generator set: . Specifications, engine details, filters, oil capacity and 4 document types.

4
Document types

How to read your Cummins/Onan serial & model number →

Service parts for the VT-1710

Grouped by system, with how many of each the parts manual calls for.

Air intake

1 required

Oil system

1 required
OM1018LOil filtersee priceAmazon

Prices captured from merchant listings; some links are affiliate links. Confirm against your serial number before ordering.

Specifications

Ratings spec sheet not in our library yet — see the documents below.

Filters & service parts

model family
ItemSpecCapacityPart #Interval
Air filterelement139264 Amazon eBay
Fuel filterelement—505 hr
Oil filterOM1018L Amazon eBay
BatteryCummins Engine Company, Inc.—505 hr
BeltCummins Engine Company, Inc.—505 hr
CoolantCummins Engine Company, Inc.—505 hr
Coolant filter—
OilCummins Engine Company, Inc.—505 hr
Spark plugCummins Engine Company, Inc.—505 hr

Compiled from this model's family documentation — may include parts for closely-related variants. Confirm the exact part for your serial number.

Service intervals

12
ItemActionHoursMonthsNotes
DCA water filterChange250 hr6 moChange filter or element at each B Check; service element may be changed at C Check if DCA-4L additive added at each B Check
Engine oilChange250 hr6 moB Check; not to exceed 25,000 miles or 600 hours. New engines should run through at least one chart-method oil change interval before used oil analysis
Fuel filterChange250 hr6 moB Check
Full-flow filter and by-pass filterChange250 hr6 moB Check; interval determined by Chart Method, or every 10,000 miles, 250 hours or 6 months
Aneroid breatherReplace1500 hr12 moC Check
Aneroid oilChange1500 hr12 moC Check
Backside idler fan driveInspect1500 hr12 moC Check; check idler pivot arm for freedom of movement
Hydraulic governor oilChange1500 hr12 moC Check
Injectors and valvesAdjust1500 hr12 moC Check; adjust with engine cold (140 F [60 C] or below)
Oil bath air cleaner (complete)Clean1500 hr12 moC Check; steam or solvent-air cleaning
Air compressorInspect4500 hrEvery 180,000 miles or 4500 hours
Engine oil levelCheck10 hrFirst service — New or rebuilt engines: check oil level every 8 to 10 hours during break-in

Extracted from the manufacturer documentation linked to this model. Values are copied as printed; confirm against your unit's manual and serial number.

Service specifications

60
TypeItemValueUnitCondition
ClearanceCrankshaft end clearance — new maximum0.014inchnew
ClearanceCrankshaft end clearance — new maximum0.015inchnew
ClearanceCrankshaft end clearance — new maximum0.017inchnew
ClearanceCrankshaft end clearance — new maximum0.043inchnew
ClearanceCrankshaft end clearance — new minimum0.004inchnew
ClearanceCrankshaft end clearance — new minimum0.005inchnew
ClearanceCrankshaft end clearance — new minimum0.006inchnew
ClearanceCrankshaft end clearance — new minimum0.007inchnew
ClearanceCrankshaft end clearance — worn limit0.018inchworn
ClearanceCrankshaft end clearance — worn limit0.022inchworn
ClearanceCrosshead to valve spring retainer minimum clearance0.020inch
ClearanceCrosshead to valve spring retainer minimum clearance0.025inch
ClearanceCrosshead to valve spring retainer minimum clearance - N-8550.020inch [0.51 mm]
ClearanceCrosshead to valve spring retainer minimum clearance - V-378, V-504, V-555, V-9030.025inch [0.64 mm]
ClearanceInjector plunger travel (3375004 Dial Indicator Kit)0.304 ± 0.001inch
ClearanceInjector plunger travel (3375004 Dial Indicator Kit)0.308 ± 0.001inch
ClearanceInjector plunger travel (dial indicator method)0.187 ± 0.001inch
ClearanceInjector plunger travel - N-855 Engines0.170 +/- 0.001inch [4.32 +/- 0.03 mm]cold and hot
ClearanceInjector plunger travel - N-855 Engines, cast iron rocker housing0.175 +/- 0.001inch [4.45 +/- 0.03 mm]cold and hot
ClearanceInjector plunger travel - V-903 (dial indicator method)0.187 +/- 0.001inch [4.75 +/- 0.03 mm]
ClearanceInjector plunger travel and valve clearance - N-855 Engines, aluminum rocker housing0.023inch [0.58 mm]
ClearanceInjector plunger travel — NT-855 Big Cam (non Top-Step)0.228inch
ClearanceInjector plunger travel — aluminum rocker housing cold0.179inchcold
ClearanceInjector plunger travel — cast iron rocker housing cold0.175inchcold
ClearanceTurbocharger compressor wheel radial clearance0.003 to 0.033inch
ClearanceTurbocharger end clearance0.004 to 0.009inch
ClearanceTurbocharger radial clearance0.003 to 0.007inch
ClearanceTurbocharger rotor end clearance0.006 to 0.018inch
GapGlow plug amperage (6- to 12-volt source)30 to 32 (minimum)amperes
OtherAir discharge line maximum carbon deposit thickness1/16inch
OtherBelt pulley misalignment maximum1/16inch [1.6 mm] per ft [0.3 m] of distance between pulley centers
OtherBelt tension - 11/16 and 3/4 inch V belt (new / after run-in)140 / 100pounds (gauge ST-1138)
OtherBelt tension - NT-855 water pump with idler, 15/32 inch (new / after run-in)130 / 80pounds (gauge ST-968 or ST-1274)
OtherBelt tension - Poly-V 6 rib (new / after run-in)150 / 130pounds (gauge ST-1293)
OtherBelt tension - V-378, V-504, V-555, 2 pulley fan-alternator drive (new / after run-in)90 / 50pounds (gauge ST-968 or ST-1274)
OtherBelt tension - V-378, V-504, V-555, 3 pulley crankshaft-water pump-fan drive (new / after run-in)130 / 90pounds (gauge ST-968 or ST-1274)
OtherBelt tension - standard V belt 1/2 inch (new / after run-in)140 / 100pounds (gauge ST-968 or ST-1274)
OtherBelt tension, 1/2 belt — new belt140-150lbsnew belt
OtherBelt tension, 1/2 belt — used belt60-100lbsused belt
OtherBelt tension, 3/4 belt — new belt (gauge ST-1138)160-170lbsnew belt
OtherBelt tension, 3/8 belt — new belt (gauge ST-1274)140-150lbsnew belt
OtherBelt tension, 3/8 belt — used belt60-100lbsused belt
OtherBelt tension, 440 belt — new belt (gauge CAN-292)140-150lbsnew belt
OtherBelt tension, 440 belt — used belt66-100lbsused belt
OtherBelt tension, 7/16 belt — new belt160-170lbsnew belt
OtherBelt tension, 7/8 belt — new belt160-170lbsnew belt
OtherBelt tension, K-Sect. 40 Rib V-Ribbed — new belt250-260lbsnew belt
OtherBelt tension, K-Sect. 40 Rib V-Ribbed — used belt140-200lbsused belt
OtherBelt tension, K-Sect. 5 Rib V-Ribbed — new belt (gauge ST-1293)125-135lbsnew belt
OtherBelt tension, K-Sect. 5 Rib V-Ribbed — used belt60-100lbsused belt
OtherBelt tension, K-Sect. 6 Rib V-Ribbed — new belt (gauge ST-1293)150-160lbsnew belt
OtherBelt tension, K-Sect. 6 Rib V-Ribbed — used belt70-120lbsused belt
OtherBelt tension, L-Sect. 16 Rib V-Ribbed — new belt (gauge 3376344)450-500lbsnew belt
OtherBelt tension, L-Sect. 16 Rib V-Ribbed — used belt300-400lbsused belt
OtherDCA concentration — acceptable nitrite test drops of Solution A17-25drops0.85 to 1.3 DCA Units per gallon
OtherDCA concentration — dangerous nitrite test drops of Solution A0-10dropsless than 0.4 DCA Units per gallon
OtherFiring order - N-855 Engines, right hand rotation / left hand rotation1-5-3-6-2-4 / 1-4-2-6-3-5
OtherFiring order - V-1710 Engine (right hand / left hand)1L-6R-2L-5R-4L-3R-6L-1R-5L-2R-3L-4R / 1L-4R-3L-2R-5L-1R-6L-3R-4L-5R-2L-6R
OtherFiring order - V6 (right hand)1-4-2-5-3-6
OtherFiring order - V8 (right hand)1-5-4-8-6-3-7-2

Extracted from the manufacturer documentation linked to this model. Values are copied as printed; confirm against your unit's manual and serial number.

Recommended fluids

FluidGradeStandardAmbientCapacityNotes
CoolantWater should be clean, slightly alkaline with pH value range of 8.5 to 10.5Maintain the Fleetguard DCA Water Filter on the engine; use permanent-type antifreeze with rust inhibitor additives in cold weather. 'Anti-leak' antifreezes are not recommended
CoolantDCA-4L liquid additiveOne bottle (P/N 3300858) per 10 gallons cooling system capacity; one bottle per 15-gallon capacity if methoxy propanol antifreeze is used; maintain a minimum of one DCA Unit per gallon
Engine oil10W30MIL-L-46152 (API-CC/SC)Fire pump engine prelubrication; add 2 to 3 oz [50 to 60 cc] clean oil to turbocharger bearing
Engine oilArctic oil, viscosity 10,000 mPa·s max. at -35 F [-35 C]API Classification CC/SC or CC/CD; sulfated ash 1.85% by weight maximumFor ambient consistently below -13 F [-25 C] with no provision to keep engine warm
Engine oilSynthetic lubricating oilAppropriate API Service category and viscosity gradeRecommended where ambient temperature is consistently lower than -13 F [-25 C]; same oil change interval as petroleum based oil
Engine oilSAE 10W (alternate single grade)API CC/CD-25°C to 0°CAlternate oil grades, Table 3-3
Engine oilSAE 10W-30API CC (naturally aspirated); CC/CD (turbocharged); CC/SC (light-duty)-25°C to 35°CRecommended multigraded lubricating oil; Table 3-2
Engine oilSAE 15W-40API CC/CDabove -10°C-14 F and above [-10 C and above]
Engine oilSAE 20W (alternate single grade)API CC/CD-5°C to 20°CAlternate oil grades, Table 3-3
Engine oilSAE 20W-40API CC/CDabove 0°C32 F and above [0 C and above]
Engine oilSAE 30 (alternate single grade)API CC/CDabove 4°C39 F and above [4 C and above]
Engine oilSAE 40 (alternate single grade)API CC/CDabove 10°C50 F and above [10 C and above]
FuelNo. 2 Diesel FuelASTM D-445 viscosity 1.3 to 5.8 CentiStoke at 104 F [40 C]; cetane number 40 minimum; sulfur not to exceed 1% by weight; water and sediment not to exceed 0.1% by weightNo. 1 fuels or other fuels within listed specifications may be used
FuelNo. 2 diesel fuel oilSee Section 3 specificationsFill fuel filter with clean No. 2 diesel fuel oil
GreaseMIL-G-3545, excluding sodium or soda soap thickenersDrop point 350 F min.; worked penetration 250-300
GreaseAeroshell No. 5 Lubriplate (type 180AA) or Moly-disulfide greaseFor backside idler pivot arm bushings (Teflon bushings)

Extracted from the manufacturer documentation linked to this model. Values are copied as printed; confirm against your unit's manual and serial number.

Procedures

12
Adjustment of Mechanical Overspeed Switch adjustment

⚠ Do not break or remove the lockwire.

⚠ Do not use the ST-1224 if stop crank adjustment is required.

Tools: ST-1224 Tachometer drive adapter (2:1 ratio), tachometer, 1/16 inch hex allen wrench

  1. Remove the tachometer drive adapter.
  2. Install the ST-1224 in place of the standard drive adapter; connect the tachometer and overspeed stop switch to the ST-1224.
  3. Start the engine and warm to operating temperature.
  4. Set the engine speed to the appropriate overspeed switch set speed in Table 1-3 as indicated by the tachometer.
  5. Remove the round head dust cover screw marked 2 from the top of the switch.
  6. Insert a 1/16 inch hex allen wrench into the adjusting screw located just below the surface of the cover.
  7. Turn the adjusting screw counterclockwise to lower the engine shut off speed; clockwise to raise it.
  8. Replace the dust cover screw.
  9. Reset the switch by pushing the reset button on top of the switch.
  10. Replace the ST-1224 with the original drive adapter and reconnect the cables.
Injector Plunger Adjustment Using Torque Method (V/VT-378, V/VT-504, V/VT-555) adjustment

⚠ Use only proper engine barring techniques; do not attempt to rotate the engine by pulling or prying on the fan.

Tools: Snap-On Model TQ12B or equivalent in-lb torque wrench, screwdriver adapter, ST-669 Adapter

  1. Turn the crankshaft in direction of rotation until the No. 1 'VS' mark appears; verify both intake and exhaust valves are closed for cylinder No. 1.
  2. Tighten the injector hold-down capscrew to 30 to 35 ft-lbs [41 to 47 N·m].
  3. Turn the adjusting screw down until the plunger contacts the cup and advance an additional 15 degrees to squeeze the oil from the cup.
  4. Loosen the adjusting screw one turn; tighten with an in-lb torque wrench and screwdriver adapter to the cold-setting value.
  5. Hold the adjusting screw and tighten the locknut to the specified torque.
  6. Turn the crankshaft to the next 'VS' mark per firing order and repeat.
Valve Adjustment (V/VT-378, V/VT-504, V/VT-555) adjustment

⚠ Be sure the injector and valve set markings are in proper alignment with the indicator mark.

Tools: feeler gauge

  1. Loosen the locknut and back off the adjusting screw.
  2. Insert a feeler gauge between the rocker lever and the top of the crosshead.
  3. Turn the screw down until the lever just touches the gauge.
  4. Lock the adjusting screw in this position with the locknut and torque to specification.
Check Turbocharger Bearing Clearance diagnostic

Tools: dial indicator, feeler gauge, long capscrew

  1. Remove the exhaust and intake piping from the turbocharger to expose the ends of the rotor assembly.
  2. Remove one capscrew from the front plate and replace it with a long capscrew; attach an indicator and register the point on the end of the rotor shaft.
  3. Push the shaft from end-to-end and note the total indicator reading.
  4. Check the radial clearance on the compressor wheel only by pushing the wheel toward the side of the bore and using a feeler gauge between the wheel vane tips and the bore.
  5. If end clearances exceed the limits, remove the turbocharger and replace it with a new or rebuilt unit.
  6. Install the exhaust and intake piping to the turbocharger.
DCA Coolant Concentration Test Procedure diagnostic

⚠ Concentrations in excess of limits can cause sludge to form in the water filter.

Tools: Fleetguard DCA Coolant Checking Kit Part No. 3300846-8 or Cummins 3375208

  1. Dilute one part engine coolant with nine parts tap water; mix well.
  2. Fill vial to scribe mark with diluted coolant; add two or three drops nitrite indicator solution and swirl to uniform red.
  3. Add nitrite test solution 'A' one drop at a time, mixing between drops, until color changes from red to pale blue, gray or green.
  4. Record number of drops and consult Table 2-2 for coolant condition and maintenance required.
Industrial Fire Pump Engine Initial Start-Up installation

⚠ Parts originally supplied must not be deviated from without qualifying agency approval (Underwriters Laboratory / Factory Mutual Research).

  1. Contact operating personnel responsible for the fire protection system and obtain approval.
  2. Close all cooling system drains.
  3. Remove the heat exchanger cap; check or fill engine coolant supply; open the water filter inlet and outlet valves.
  4. Prelubricate the engine with API Class CD or CC oil, SAE 15W40 or 20W40; on turbocharged engines add 2 to 3 oz. [60 cc] oil to the turbocharger oil inlet line.
  5. Check the crankcase oil level and fill to the high mark on the dipstick.
  6. Remove the fuel pump solenoid wire and crank the engine through two cranking cycles using the fire pump controller.
  7. Turn the governor idle adjusting screw counterclockwise 6 turns to permit near idle speed at initial start-up.
  8. Verify the lube oil system is under pressure.
  9. Operate the engine for 8-10 minutes and look for leaks, unusual noises or other indications of improper operation.
  10. Set the overspeed stop switch.
  11. Stop the engine and check the engine oil and expansion tank coolant levels; top off if necessary; clean the raw water strainer.
  12. Start the engine and bring it to the fire pump required operating speed; adjust the raw water pressure regulator and readjust speed if necessary.
  13. Lock the governor lever (naturally aspirated) or max speed screw (turbocharged) in position.
  14. Shut off the engine; notify operating personnel and obtain authorized signature of acceptance.
Change DCA Water Filter maintenance

⚠ Mechanical tightening will distort or crack the filter head.

  1. Close the shut-off valves on the inlet and drain lines.
  2. Unscrew the element and discard.
  3. Apply a light even coat of lubricating oil to the gasket sealing surface prior to installing the filter.
  4. Install a new element and tighten until the seal touches the filter head, then an additional one-half to three-fourths turn.
  5. Open the shut-off valves.
Change DCA Water Filter - Spin-On Element maintenance

⚠ Mechanical tightening will distort or crack filter head.

  1. Close shut-off valves on inlet and drain lines.
  2. Unscrew element and discard.
  3. Install new element, tighten until seal touches filter head, then an additional one-half to three-fourths turn.
  4. Open shut-off valves.
Change Engine Oil maintenance

⚠ Never operate the engine with the oil level below the 'L' (low) mark or above the 'H' (high) mark.

  1. Bring engine to operating temperature, shut down the engine, remove the drain plug from the bottom oil pan and drain the oil.
  2. Install the drain plug and torque per engine model.
  3. Fill the crankcase to the 'H' (high level) mark on the dipstick.
  4. Start the engine and visually check for oil leaks.
  5. Shut down the engine; allow 15 minutes for oil to drain back into the pan; recheck the oil level and add oil as required.
Change Fuel Filter Element - Replaceable Element maintenance

Tools: Torque wrench

  1. Open drain cock(s) and drain contents.
  2. Loosen nut(s) at top of fuel filter(s); remove dirty element and clean filter case(s).
  3. Install new gasket(s), element(s); tighten center bolt(s) to 20 to 25 ft-lbs.
  4. Fill filter case(s) with clean fuel.
  5. Check fittings in filter head(s) for leaks; tighten to 30 to 40 ft-lbs.
Change Fuel Filter Element - Spin-On Type maintenance

⚠ Mechanical tightening will distort or crack filter head.

  1. Unscrew combination case and element, discard element.
  2. Fill new filter with clean fuel.
  3. Install filter; tighten by hand until seal touches filter head, then an additional one-half to three-fourths turn.
Change Fuel Filter Element — Spin-On Type Filter maintenance

⚠ Mechanical tightening will distort or crack the filter head.

  1. Unscrew and discard the spin-on type fuel filter.
  2. Fill the new filter with clean fuel and apply a light even coat of lubricating oil to the gasket sealing surface.
  3. Install the filter; tighten by hand until the seal touches the filter head, then tighten an additional one-half to three-fourths turn.

Extracted from the manufacturer documentation linked to this model. Values are copied as printed; confirm against your unit's manual and serial number.

Common questions

What oil filter does the Cummins/Onan VT-1710 use?

The Cummins/Onan VT-1710 uses oil filter part number OM1018L.

What air filter does the Cummins/Onan VT-1710 use?

The Cummins/Onan VT-1710 uses air filter part number 139264.

Troubleshooting

1

Fault codes

CodeMeaning
soulG

Fault codes and symptom→remedy steps extracted from this model’s service/owner documentation; verify against the official manual before servicing.

Parts

53model family
Part #DescriptionQtySystem
299080DCA water filter precharge element WF-2010Coolant filter buy
299086DCA water filter precharge element WF-2016Coolant filter KuduParts $40.00
3011575Signal generator for electronic overspeed switchSensor buy
3034572Magnetic Pickup (For SAE #1 or #0 Flywheel Hsg. with engine wiring)1Pickup FridayParts $16.78
3300721DCA water filter service element WF-2011Coolant filter buy
3300724DCA water filter service element WF-2017Coolant filter buy
3300858DCA-4L liquid (one pint bottle; contains six dry ounces of DCA chemical)Fluid buy
3375004Dial Indicator Kit for injector and valve adjustmentInjector buy
3376344Belt tension gauge for L-Sect. 16 Rib V-Ribbed beltBelt buy
CGS-20Air inlet restriction indicatorAir inlet restriction indicator Amazon Amazon eBay eBay
LF3325Full-flow spin-on lubricating oil filter element5Oil filter Amazon eBay $229.00 NAPA $37.15 KuduParts $74.00 FridayParts $75.99
LF500By-pass oil filter element, 500 in3Oil filter Amazon eBay $113.60
LF516Full-flow Filter (Engine Element)1Oil filter Amazon Amazon eBay $10.00 eBay $18.72 FridayParts $41.99
LF613Full-flow Filter (Engine Element)Oil filter Amazon Amazon eBay $11.25 eBay $11.25
LF670Full Flow lubricating oil filter1Oil filter Amazon eBay $35.95 KuduParts $74.00
LF734Full-flow Filter (Spin-on Short)Oil filter Amazon eBay $37.99 KuduParts $32.00
LF750Bypass Filter, 750 in31Bypass filter Amazon eBay FridayParts $44.73
LF750-ABypass filterBypass filter Amazon Amazon eBay $37.95 eBay
LF750-BBy-pass oil filter element, 750 in3Oil filter Amazon eBay $15.00 FridayParts $44.73
LF750-CBypass Filter, 750 in3Bypass filter Amazon eBay
LF777Lube, By-Pass Spin-On1Oil filter Amazon eBay $34.95 FridayParts $43.56
N11001Checking oil level in air cleanerOil level check tool Amazon eBay
N11974Water pump with idlerInline engine water pump belt Amazon eBay
N21026Air cleaner - cartridge type (two stage)Cartridge type air cleaner Amazon eBay
N21905Vacuum switch to check air inletVacuum switch Amazon eBay
OM1001LLubricating system priming point-NT-855 C.I.D. EngineLubricating system priming point Amazon eBay
OM1002LLubricating system priming point-VT-903 C.I.D. EngineLubricating system priming point Amazon eBay
OM1003LLubricating system priming point-V/VT-555 C.I.D. EngineLubricating system priming point Amazon eBay
OM1004LLubricating system priming point-KT/KTA C.I.D. EngineLubricating system priming point Amazon eBay
OM1005LChecking engine oil levelOil level checking Amazon eBay
OM1006LGlow plug inspection hole NT-855 C.I.D. EngineGlow plug inspection hole Amazon eBay
OM1007LManually operated valveManually operated valve Amazon eBay
OM1008LElectrically operated valveElectrically operated valve Amazon eBay
OM1014LChecking belt tension with a Krikit gaugeBelt tension gauge Amazon eBay
OM1015LAdjusting belt tension with ST-1293Belt adjustment tool Amazon eBay
OM1029LAir cleaner-heavy dutyHeavy duty air cleaner Amazon eBay
OM1030LAir cleaner-heavy duty elementAir cleaner element Amazon eBay
OM1031LChanging air cleaner elementAir cleaner element Amazon eBay
OM1032LAir cleaner-heavy duty dual elementHeavy duty air cleaner Amazon eBay
V11009Air cleaner- cartridge type (single stage)Cartridge type air cleaner Amazon eBay
V21970Electric shut-down valveShut down valve Amazon eBay
3011357Electronic overspeed switch (Dynatco / Barber-Colman, green / blue)Service part / kit buy
3011574Electronic overspeed switch (Synchro-Start, black)Service part / kit buy
3019895Tachometer for electronic overspeed switchService part / kit buy
3031734Tachometer for electronic overspeed switchService part / kit FridayParts $120.59
3300846-8Fleetguard DCA Coolant Checking KitService part / kit buy
3300846-SFleetguard DCA Coolant Checking Kit (Cummins 3375208)Service part / kit buy
3375005Dial indicator extensionService part / kit buy
3375007Support Plate / Support Block for dial indicatorService part / kit buy
3375009Rocker Lever Actuator AssemblyService part / kit buy
3375208Cummins DCA coolant test kitService part / kit Amazon eBay
3375790Rocker Lever ActuatorService part / kit buy
K21901Checking engine oil levelService part / kit Amazon eBay

Compiled from this model's family documentation — may include parts for closely-related variants. Confirm the exact part for your serial number. See the full parts catalog to search and cross-reference.

Available documents

Engine spec — cummins-VT28-F-specs (Cummins/Onan)Operator's manual — CUMMMINS OPERATIONS MAINTENANCE 1978 (Cummins/Onan)Owner's manual — Cummins Diesel VTA28 Manual 1983 (Cummins/Onan)Service manual — TM-5-2815-233-14 (Cummins/Onan)

This page was generated from the 4 manufacturer documents above by automated extraction; every figure shown is copied from one of them. How the data is compiled.