HomeEnginesCummins/Onan GH280

Cummins/Onan GH280 Engine

The Cummins/Onan GH280 is an engine rated at 3600 rpm. It powers generator sets from Cummins/Onan, including the 3.5 EGHEM, 4.0 EGHAB and 4.0 EGHEB. It holds 0.9 L (0.2 gal) of oil.

Also known as: Onan GH280

3600 rpm
Rated speed
0.9 L
Oil capacity

Engine specifications

Oil capacity0.9 L
Rated speed3600 rpm

Generator sets powered by this engine

3
Cummins/Onan 3.5 EGHEMCummins/Onan 4.0 EGHABCummins/Onan 4.0 EGHEB

How to read your Cummins/Onan engine serial & model number →

Troubleshooting

7

Symptoms & remedies

SymptomCauseRemedy
Engine MisfiresFaulty ignition due to: a. worn or fouled spark plug; b. faulty ignition system; c. faulty plug wire; Lean fuel mixture due to: a. incorrectly adjusted carburetor; b. incorrect float level; c. dirt in carburetor; d. vacuum leak; Contaminated fuel; Dirty air cleanerA. Clean or replace spark plug. b. See Ignition System section. c. Check spark plug wire and replace if necessary. a. See Carburetor Adjustment section. b. Check carburetor float. c. Disassemble carburetor and clean all internal passages. d. Drain fuel tank and refill with fresh fuel. e. Clean or replace air cleaner.
Engine BackfiresFaulty ignition due to: a. worn or fouled spark plug; b. faulty ignition system; Lean fuel mixture due to: a. incorrectly adjusted carburetor; b. incorrect float level; c. dirt in carburetor; d. vacuum leak;A. Clean or replace spark plug. b. See Ignition System section. c. Check spark plug wire and replace if necessary. a. See Carburetor Adjustment section. b. Check carburetor float. c. Disassemble carburetor and clean all internal passages.
Engine Lacks PowerFaulty ignition due to: a. worn or fouled spark plug; b. faulty ignition system; Dirty air cleaner; Restricted fuel flow due to plugged fuel filter; Incorrect fuel mixture due to: a. incorrectly adjusted carburetor; b. incorrect float level; c. dirt in carburetor; Lean fuel mixture due to: a. incorrectly adjusted carburetor; b. incorrect float level; c. dirt in carburetor; d. vacuum leak; Exhaust system blocked or restricted; Incorrect valve clearance; No load speed set too low; Excessive engine wear or damage to engine; Choke valve blockage or choke lever set incorrectly;A. Clean or replace spark plug. b. See Ignition System section. c. Clean or replace air cleaner. d. Clean or replace fuel filter. e. a. See Carburetor Adjustment section. b. Check carburetor float. c. Disassemble carburetor and clean all internal passages. f. Locate and remove cause of blockage. g. Adjust valve clearance/inspect valves (see Engine Block Assembly section). h. Adjust governor setting. i. See Engine Block Assembly section. j. Open choke lever fully, if problem continues see fuel System section.
Engine OverheatsRestricted air flow due to dirt or debris blocking air inlet or outlet; Dirt or oil covering engine cooling fins; Cooling fan plugged or broken; Lean fuel mixture due to: a. incorrectly adjusted carburetor; b. incorrect float level; c. dirt in carburetor;A. Clear away any debris that may restrict airflow. b. Clean away all dirt and oil from engine cooling fins. c. Inspect cooling fan, see Generator Service section. d. a. See Carburetor Adjustment section. b. Check carburetor float. c. Disassemble carburetor and clean all internal passages.
Black Exhaust SmokeRich fuel mixture due to: a. dirty air cleaner; b. choke closed; c. incorrectly adjusted carburetor; d. dirt in the carburetor; Lean fuel mixture due to: a. dirty air cleaner; b. incorrect float level; c. incorrectly adjusted carburetor; d. dirt in the carburetor; Clogged or faulty breather; Contaminated fuel; Excessive engine wear;A. Clean or replace air cleaner. b. Check choke setting. c. See Carburetor Adjustment section. d. Disassemble carburetor and clean all internal passages. a. Clean or replace air cleaner. b. Check carburetor float. c. See Carburetor Adjustme
White or Blue Exhaust SmokeClogged or faulty breather; Contaminated fuel;A. Clean or replace air cleaner. b. Check choke setting. c. See Carburetor Adjustment section. d. Disassemble carburetor and clean all internal passages.
Engine Hunts or SurgesSticking or binding governor linkage; Incorrect governor adjustment; Faulty governor spring; Incorrect fuel mixture due to: a. incorrectly adjusted carburetor; b. incorrect float level; c. dirt in carburetor; Governor mechanism worn excessively; Fuel supply problem caused by: a. Dirty fuel filter; b. Contaminated fuel supply;A. Clean or replace air cleaner. b. Check choke setting. c. See Carburetor Adjustment section. d. Disassemble carburetor and clean all internal passages. e. Adjust valve clearance/inspect valves (see Engine Block Assembly section). f. Adjust governor setting. g. See Engine Block Assembly section. h. Open choke lever fully, if problem continues see fuel System section.

Fault codes and symptom→remedy steps extracted from this engine’s service/owner documentation; verify against the official manual before servicing.

Common problems

15
  • White or blue exhaust smoke
    Cause: Dirty air cleaner
    Fix: Clean or replace air cleaner
  • UNIT RUNS THEN SURGES
    Cause: 1. Loose or worn spark plug lead 2. Faulty spark plug. 3. Dirty fuel filter or generator set at too steep of an angle. 4. Governor out of adjustment or lean fuel mixture.
    Fix: 1. Check spark plug lead connection. 2. Remove and clean or replace. 3. Check fuel filter and angle of generator set. 4. Contact an Onan service center.
  • UNIT RUNS THEN STOPS
    Fix: Add fuel. Add oil. Reduce oil level.
  • Restricted fuel flow
    Cause: Plugged fuel filter
    Fix: Clean or replace fuel filter
  • Restricted air flow
    Cause: Dirt or debris blocking air inlet or outlet
    Fix: Clear away any debris that may restrict airflow
  • No load speed set too low
    Fix: Adjust governor setting
  • NO DC OUTPUT VOLTAGE
    Cause: 1. Open DC circuit breaker due to an overload.
    Fix: 1. Remove all loads, reset breaker, check for shorted battery or load defects. Do not exceed rated load specifications.
  • NO AC OUTPUT VOLTAGE
    Cause: Open AC circuit breaker due to an overload
    Fix: Remove all loads, re-set circuit breaker, check tools or appliances being used for defects. Do not exceed generator set rated load specifications.
  • Lean fuel mixture
    Cause: Incorrectly adjusted carburetor
    Fix: See Carburetor Adjustment section
  • Incorrect valve clearance or defective valve(s)
    Fix: E140H engine: See Onan Elite Horizontal engine manual 965-0758 GH170, GH280 engines: See Engine Block Assembly section
  • Incorrect fuel mixture
    Cause: Incorrectly adjusted carburetor
    Fix: See Carburetor Adjustment section
  • FAILS TO CRANK
    Cause: 1. Low battery. 2. Bad battery connection.
    Fix: 1. Check battery electrolyte level. 2. Clean and tighten all battery and cable connections.
  • EXHAUSTING BLACK SMOKE
    Cause: Open DC circuit breaker due to an overload
    Fix: Remove all loads, reset circuit breaker, check for an overload or short circuit. Do not exceed generator set rated load specifications.
  • Exhaust system blocked or restricted
    Fix: Locate and remove cause of blockage
  • Excessive engine wear or damage to engine
    Fix: E140H engine: See Onan Elite Horizontal engine manual 965-0758 GH170, GH280 engines: See Engine Block Assembly section

Compiled from service & troubleshooting documentation across every generator set that uses the Cummins/Onan GH280.

Repair guides

1

Step-by-step procedures compiled from the Cummins/Onan service manual for this engine.

Service specifications

57
TypeItemValueUnitCondition
ClearanceCylinder head surface flatness0.05 mm (0.0020)mm
ClearanceValve seat width1.00 to 1.30 mm (0.039 to 0.051 in)mm
GapMagneto coil to rotor magnet clearance0.25 to 0.40 mm (0.010 to 0.016 in)mm
GapSpark plug gap0.7 mm (0.028 in)mm
GapSpark plug gap0.89 mm (0.035 in)mm
GapSpark plug gap (allowable)0.89 to 1.02 mm (0.035 to 0.040 in)mm
GapTransistor magnet unit to flywheel magnet clearance0.4 to 0.6 mm (0.0157 to 0.0236 in)mm
OtherBrush height minimum0.136 in (3.5 mm)in
OtherCapacitor valueapproximately 13 mfdmfd
PressureCompression pressure196 kPa (28 psi)kPa
ResistanceIgnition primary coil resistance0.5 to 1.3 ohmsohms
ResistanceIgnition secondary coil resistance9k to 13 kohmskohms
ResistanceRotor coil 4 kW - 60 Hz47 Ωohms
ResistanceRotor coil 5 kW - 60 Hz55 Ωohms
ResistanceRotor coil 6 kW - 60 Hz65 Ωohms
ResistanceStator DC coil 4 kW - 60 Hz0.6 - 1.0 Ωohms
ResistanceStator main coil 4 kW - 60 Hz0.7 - 1.0 Ωohms
ResistanceStator resistance 20 amp system0.27 to 0.33 Ohmsohms
ResistanceStator resistance 5 amp system0.54 to 0.66 Ohmsohms
ResistanceStator sub coil 4 kW - 60 Hz1.2 - 1.6 Ωohms
SpeedNo-load frequency 50 Hz models53 ± 0.5 Hz (3150-3180 rpm)Hzno load, warm
SpeedNo-load frequency 60 Hz models63 ± 0.5 Hz (3750-3780 rpm)Hzno load, warm
TorqueAdapter bracket to engine13 to 15.9 ft-lb (17.7 to 21.6 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueAlternator stator screws M6 x 2510-15 N·m (7-11 lb-ft)N·m
TorqueConnecting rod bolts M8 x 4424-27 N·m (18-20 lb-ft)N·m
TorqueConnecting rod screws10.1 to 14.5 ft-lb (13.7 to 19.6 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueConnecting rod screws17.4 to 21.7 ft-lb (23.5 to 29.4 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueCrankcase screws10.1 to 14.5 ft-lb (13.7 to 19.6 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueCylinder head No. 6 flange bolt M8 x 5016-22 N·m (12-16 lb-ft)N·m
TorqueCylinder head bolts No. 1-542-50 N·m (31-37 lb-ft)N·m
TorqueCylinder head screws15.9 to 20.3 ft-lb (21.6 to 27.5 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueCylinder head screws18.1 to 23.9 ft-lb (24.5 to 32.4 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueFlywheel mounting nut43.4 to 50.6 ft-lb (58.8 to 68.6 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueFlywheel mounting nut47.0 to 54.2 ft-lb (63.7 to 73.5 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueFlywheel nut M18122-138 N·m (90-102 lb-ft)N·m
TorqueGearcase bolts16-22 N·m (12-16 lb-ft)N·m
TorqueGenset to frame vibration isolators16 ft-lb (21.7 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueGovernor arm nut M68.1-10.9 N·m (6-8 lb-ft)N·m
TorqueGovernor lever screw5.1 to 8.7 ft-lb (6.9 to 11.8 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueGovernor lever screw8.0 to 14.5 ft-lb (10.8 to 19.6 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueIgnition coil bolt M6 x 3010-15 N·m (7-11 lb-ft)N·m
TorqueOutput terminal nut1.4 to 1.8 ft-lb (1.9 to 2.45 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueRocker arm lock nut5.8 to 9.4 ft-lb (7.8 to 12.7 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueRocker arm lock nut8.0 to 12.3 ft-lb (10.8 to 16.7 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueRocker mounting nut43.4 to 50.6 ft-lb (58.8 to 68.6 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueRocker mounting nut47.0 to 54.2 ft-lb (63.7 to 73.6 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueRotor through-bolt19 to 20 ft-lb (25.7 to 27.1 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueSpark plug7.2 to 18.1 ft-lb (9.8 to 24.5 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueSpark plug M14-1.2524-30 N·m (18-22 lb-ft)N·m
TorqueStarter bolts M8 x 4016-22 N·m (12-16 lb-ft)N·m
TorqueStator through-bolt4.3 to 6.5 ft-lb (5.9 to 8.8 N·m)ft-lb
TorqueValve lash adjusting nut M77-11 N·m (5-8 lb-ft)N·m
Valve clearanceValve clearance intake and exhaust0.05 to 0.10 mm (0.0020 to 0.0039 in)mmambient temperature
Valve clearanceValve lash intake and exhaust0.15 to 0.25 mm (0.006 to 0.010 in)mmambient temperature
VoltageBattery voltage12 to 13 VDCVDCengine not running
VoltageStator output29 VAC @ 1800 RPM; 57 VAC @ 3600 RPMVAC
VoltageVoltage regulator output13.6 to 14.7 VDCVDCany speed within operating range

Extracted from the manufacturer documentation linked to this model. Values are copied as printed; confirm against your unit's manual and serial number.

Procedures

12
Valve Clearance Adjustment adjustment

Tools: feeler gauge, wrenches

  1. Adjust only when engine is at ambient temperature.
  2. Rotate engine until piston is at top dead center and both valves closed.
  3. Check clearance between valve stem top and rocker arm with feeler gauge.
  4. Loosen locking nut and turn adjusting nut to obtain correct clearance.
  5. Tighten locking nut and recheck clearance.
  6. Check rocker arm bolts have not loosened.
Starter Solenoid Test (GH280 Engine) diagnostic

⚠ Disconnect battery before servicing to prevent accidental starting.

Tools: jumper leads

  1. Connect jumper lead between battery positive (+) terminal and solenoid S terminal.
  2. Momentarily connect jumper between battery negative (-) and solenoid body.
  3. Solenoid contacts should close; replace solenoid if it does not activate.
Fuel Filter Replacement (4.0 kW and Below) maintenance

⚠ Fuel presents fire or explosion hazard; keep ABC extinguisher nearby.

  1. Close fuel supply valve; run set until it runs out of fuel; let cool.
  2. Remove fuel line from shutoff valve and collect fuel in a container.
  3. Unscrew sediment bowl from fuel supply valve and clean it.
  4. Remove screen and clean dirt and particulate off the screen.
  5. Reinstall screen and sediment bowl; attach fuel line securely.
Muffler Disassembly maintenance

⚠ Exhaust gas hazard; do not operate with any exhaust leaks.

Tools: wrenches

  1. Allow set to cool before servicing.
  2. Remove heat shield covering exhaust pipe and engine.
  3. Remove mounting nuts securing muffler flange to engine.
  4. Remove screws securing muffler to support bracket and generator flange; remove exhaust gasket.
  5. Install new exhaust gasket and muffler; tighten hardware to specified torque.
Carburetor Removal repair

⚠ Close fuel valve and drain float chamber; no flame or spark near fuel system.

Tools: wrenches

  1. Remove air cleaner assembly.
  2. Disconnect governor linkage, fuel line, throttle linkage, and choke control linkage.
  3. Remove carburetor assembly from the intake elbow.
Recoil Starter Assembly repair

⚠ Moving parts can cause severe personal injury; use protective equipment.

  1. Engage outer end of spiral spring in starter notch and rewind into reel.
  2. Apply heat resistant grease to the spring.
  3. Install reel, friction spring, ratchet guide, ratchet, friction plate and mounting nut.
  4. Wind reel the counted number of revolutions and hold to prevent unwinding.
  5. Thread starter rope through reel and case and secure to handle.
  6. Check ratchet operation before installing.
Recoil Starter Disassembly repair

⚠ Spiral spring is under tension; wear protective eye wear, gloves, clothing.

  1. Remove recoil starter assembly from spiral case and check operation.
  2. Slowly pull starter rope all the way out and note revolutions.
  3. Hold reel with pressure, remove rope, allow reel to unwind slowly.
  4. Remove friction plate mounting nut, friction plate, ratchet guide, ratchet, friction spring.
  5. Slowly lift reel while rotating to disengage spiral spring; note coil direction.
  6. Carefully remove the spring.
Rotor Bearing Replacement repair

Tools: gear puller, press

  1. Remove rotor assembly.
  2. Cover rotor shaft end with hardened washer; use gear puller to remove bearing.
  3. Place rotor shaft engine end down on protective surface.
  4. Press new bearing onto shaft, pressing inner race only, to original position.
Rotor Installation repair

Tools: strap wrench, torque wrench

  1. Clean tapered mounting shaft and rotor shaft of dirt and oil.
  2. Install rotor onto tapered shaft; insert through-bolt and hand tighten.
  3. Secure rotor with a strap wrench.
  4. Tighten through-bolt to specified torque.
Rotor Removal repair

Tools: lead hammer

  1. Loosen rotor through-bolt two or three turns.
  2. Tap through-bolt head with lead hammer to loosen rotor from tapered shaft.
  3. Remove rotor through-bolt and carefully remove rotor.
  4. Place rotor on a soft surface to prevent winding damage.
Stator Installation repair

Tools: torque wrench, screwdriver

  1. Assemble end bell to stator if previously separated.
  2. Install stator assembly over rotor without damaging windings.
  3. Secure stator to adapter with four bolts at specified torque.
  4. Secure end bell to frame at specified torque.
  5. Pull recoil starter slowly to check rotor-stator alignment.
  6. Reconnect all wiring; tighten terminal block nuts.
  7. Install brush block and secure with mounting screw.
  8. Place end cover over end bell and secure.
Stator Removal repair

⚠ On AVR models the brush block assembly will be damaged if not removed.

Tools: screwdriver, wrenches

  1. Remove generator cover and disconnect all wiring connectors; tag wires.
  2. On AVR models remove brush block mounting screw and lift brush block off.
  3. Remove mounting bolts securing end bell to frame.
  4. Remove stator mounting bolts and pull end bell and stator off together.
  5. For stator replacement remove two screws securing stator to end bell; separate carefully.

Extracted from the manufacturer documentation linked to this model. Values are copied as printed; confirm against your unit's manual and serial number.

Common questions

What is the oil capacity of the Cummins/Onan GH280?

The Cummins/Onan GH280 engine has an oil capacity of 0.9 liters.

Which generators use the Cummins/Onan GH280 engine?

The Cummins/Onan GH280 powers 3 generator set(s), including Cummins/Onan 3.5 EGHEM, Cummins/Onan 4.0 EGHAB, Cummins/Onan 4.0 EGHEB.

What is a common problem with the Cummins/Onan GH280 engine?

A commonly reported issue on generators using the Cummins/Onan GH280 is: White or blue exhaust smoke. Cause: Dirty air cleaner. Fix: Clean or replace air cleaner.